When All Else Fails, Blame Genetics
I was involved in a conversation this past weekend that turned to genetics and how overweight people are genetically inclined for such because, in this case, they are missing the brain’s ability to respond to leptin. First, I pointed out that the person misunderstood last week’s report on leptin. It’s not that the obese genetically lack sensitivity to leptin. It’s that they have become leptin resistant. But my real beef was the overall theme of the discussion: genetics. Genetics is all through the news. Science’s discovery of the workings of genetics and DNA has been both positive and a negative. Genetics has helped us to understand our evolutionary lineage and how certain diseases develop. It has also become the crutch du jour of most everyone that has any problem. Pick which of the following you’re heard (or used) a variation of:
- “It’s just not in my genes to be thin.”
- “My parents were big.”
- “(x disease) runs in my family.”
- The list goes on ad nauseam
The problem with such thinking is that it removes the actor from any responsibility and places the blame solely on the actor’s genes, or more appropriately on their parents, their parent’s parents, and their parent’s parent’s parents. It is the latest in dodging personal responsibility to blame someone or something else - in this case DNA, which is invisible (to the naked eye at least). How can you avoid your genetic fate if you can’t even SEE your genes? And if you can’t avoid your fate because “it’s in your genes,” what point is there in trying? Your parents were overweight and their parents were overweight. You might as well eat bon-bons with an ice cream chaser all day because you’re destined to be overweight, right? WRONG!
I can’t relay to you how much it grates me to hear someone invoke genetics for their situation. I’m a huge proponent of personal responsibility and genes are nearly always used as a cop out. Sure, there are certain things that you cannot overcome genetically. I blame my genes for my inability to get a tan. That is something that will never change. In fact, no matter how hard I try, I will never have the olive skin of an Italian nor the dark skin of someone of African descent. I will also not have blond hair without hair dye and I’m unlikely to ever reach 6′ tall. Oh, and my eyes will always be blue. However, my weight will always be my responsibility. I hear people say “Diabetes runs in my family.” Now, I have no doubt that certain people are predisposed to certain illnesses. Everyone doesn’t process food as efficiently as others. Some people have a slow metabolism and have to be judicious with their eating to avoid becoming overweight. Some people may be genetically inclined to become insulin resistant, IF they abuse their body with processed, sugary foods. Note the caveat there: “IF they abuse their body with processed, sugary foods.” You don’t become overweight and diabetic without misusing food (discounting the very small percentage of people with glandular disorders).
See, genetics aren’t a roadmap to your life. They are more like the direction posts that we see in movies and cartoons. You’re traveling down your life’s Route 1 and come upon a sign post that says “Donuts and obesity, 3 miles” pointing to the right and one that says “Healthful living, 10 miles” to the left. You determine which road you take, your genetics determine what happens to your body at that point. So you see that if you choose healthful living, you can drastically reduce the negative effects of your genes. If you eat meat, vegetables, nuts, healthful oils (like olive, coconut, and palm), fruit, sweet potatoes, and squashes, you are probably not going to become overweight and diabetic, regardless of your genetics. Of course, some genetic diseases are a roadmap to your life. Down Syndrome, neurological disorders, other birth defects, Lou Gherig’s disease, etc are genetic disorders that no amount of healthful living is going to fix. But you are not destined to be obese. You are not destined to be diabetic. You determine your destiny by the foods that you consume and a sedentary lifestyle.
This brings me to another minor quibble that I am guilty of. I didn’t go back through my old posts to see how many times I’ve said this, but I know I have made the error that I am about to point out. One does not “have” Type II Diabetes. Rather, one “is” diabetic. “Having” a medical issue connotes that you caught it somewhere. You “have” a cold or you “have” the flu. You “are” diabetic, meaning you can become “not diabetic”. To “have” an illness means you had little to do with getting it, other than perhaps not washing your hands properly. To “be” something says “I am responsible for this.” If you “are” a doctor, you didn’t just accidentally become a doctor. If you “are” a banker, you probably did something to become a banker; it wasn’t an accident. When you “have” diabetes, you remove your responsibility for the disease, whereas when you “are” diabetic, you acknowledge your responsibility in becoming such.
Take responsibility for your life, as so many others have, and stop blaming your genes. When you blame your genes, you are effectively shifting all responsibility to your ancestors. Many, many people have taken responsibility for their health and began eating proper foods to lose the weight and essentially stop being diabetic. All it takes is personal responsibility and fortitude.
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Anonymous on 20 Mar 2007 at 9:12 pm #
A quibble with your quibble. I think that diabetes is as much a failure of knowledge as of personal responsibility. In the decade or more during which I followed the commonly accepted nutritional advice to eat a low-fat, low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet, the natural regulation of my appetite and metabolism was disrupted, I gained a substantial amount of weight, and I “became” diabetic.
Unfortunately, by the time I figured out that everything I “knew” about diet was wrong, it was too late. My pancreatic beta cells were too far gone to completely recover normal function, even after several years of a paleo-style diet, weight loss, and exercise.
My blood sugars are now in the normal range, but that doesn’t mean that I am “not diabetic,” since a glucose challenge will send them skyrocketing as high as ever. Perhaps at an earlier stage one can “become ‘not diabetic,’” but this is certainly not always the case.
Scott Kustes on 21 Mar 2007 at 8:38 am #
You’re right…in some cases, one can never technically be “not diabetic,” but the key point (as you’ve pointed out) is that even as a diabetic, blood sugar can be maintained in the normal range. If one has a normally functioning pancreas, but is simply insulin resistant with high blood sugar, exercise and proper diet will get the body back to a normal state, even if one’s doctor still uses the Diabetic label. Anyway, the point is that sitting around saying “I have diabetes” in the same sense that one says “I have a cold” (i.e., I can’t do anything about it, just have to let it run it’s course) keeps any small amount of progress being made. When a person acknowledges their role in “catching” the disease, they acknowledge their ability to control (or even do away with) it.
Congratulations to you for taking your health into your own hands and keeping your blood sugar in check, even though the damage from the years of “healthful low-fat eating” could easily make someone throw up their hands and say “Too late…the damage is done.” A member of my family was diagnosed as Type II about a year ago and immediately set out to lose weight (he wasn’t very overweight anyway…just a typical 50-year old) and change his diet to control his blood sugar rather than letting it progress to an insulin-dependent state.
Thanks for stopping by.
annaandguy on 22 Mar 2007 at 12:22 am #
Hi Scott,
Love your blog (especially the name) but I had the same quibble as the first commenter with your recent post. True, there is a lot of rationalization going on out there, but also I think there is a lot of bad diet and health advice (especially from doctors) and just plain bad standards of medical care.
For instance, I don’t even have an official diagnosis of diabetes yet because I haven’t been able to get my doctor (former or current) to get past my usual “normal” FBG and A1c results and below-normal BMI, despite having gestational diabetes when I was pregnant 9 years ago. But I have been eating low carb since 2004 and it occurred to me a few months ago that with the LC way I eat they should be in the *low* end of normal, not the *high end*. My doctors have brushed that off. So for the last 4 months I have been keeping a food diary and using a personal glucose meter, so I now *know* I get diabetic readings (over 200) pretty easily if I stray off my usual strict low carb diet or do my own glucose tolerance test. Like the other commenter, I probably was ruining my beta cells all those years of listening to the diet dictocrats, eating “healthy” whole grains and beans (even during my underweight years) and not enough animal protein and fats, consequently my weight crept up about 20 lbs after my pregnancy and back on my old “healthy” carb-rich diet. But it was pretty fast & easy to lose the pounds on LC (and even easier to lose a few more pounds and keep them off with the feedback of the glucose meter — eating to the meter).
My experience has been that the medical community is not addressing this as they should, despite all the hoopla and concern that the diabetes rates are skyrocketing. The standard of care is to use only the easiest and cheapest screening tests, such as fasting BG and perhaps the A1c, despite that the recommendations for someone with my history is to do a glucose tolerance test or at least a post-meal test. The consequences of this money-savings and convenience strategy is that the diagnosis is delayed for who knows how many years and damage from high blood sugar continues. My family members probably have similar glucose problems as mine (my guess is that the family heart disease history that freaks them out so much is really undiagnosed insulin resistance or glucose intolerance), but they are told their BG results are normal, so they are reassured and won’t hear a word from me about what a “truly normal” BG level is. Whole grains will keep them healthy, they’ve been convinced.
The irony is that I’m the only one in my family who has actively tried not develop a diabetic condition (perhaps due to my brush with it when I was pregnant), yet I’ll be the first to be diagnosed. Hopefully in time.
So I do agree with you for the most part, that people give in a bit too much to what they think are their genetic tendencies so that they don’t have to change, but I also think that the folks who really know about genetics and the biochemistry of glucose metabolism (the medical community) aren’t really telling folks what they need to know in this case: genetics is only half of the problem; it also needs the right environment or lifestyle to express the genetic tendencies and the typical American diet and lifestyle is a perfect diabetes gene incubator!
Scott Kustes on 22 Mar 2007 at 8:25 am #
Right on Anna (and/or Guy). I suppose I spoke too quickly with placing so much blame for obesity on lack of personal responsibility. There are also quite a few that take responsibility for their health (such as you and the first commenter), but the information that is given to them is so subpar that striving for improvement causes more damage. Along with a change in the winds of personal responsibility in this nation, we need a change in what passes for healthful living. It is coming along slowly, but the low-carb diet is constantly being proven to help people lose weight AND make them healthier. One hopes that our doctors, who are supposed to be some of the smartest folks in the nation, will take notice.
I think “make them healthier” is the aspect that so many diets overlook. You can lose weight by not eating, but it doesn’t mean you’ll gain health. Basically, I just cringe when I see a study come out that says “x group lacks (or has) gene for y.” I just know that many people will grab onto it and say “well, I lack (have) that gene…might as well give up.” You’re right about the need for the proper environment, which was my point with pointing out that genes aren’t a roadmap. They are waiting in the background for the day you step out of line.
Good luck with controlling your blood sugar. Don’t forget that along with maintaining a low- to moderate-carb diet, getting some vigorous exercise will help to open up the insulin receptors and clear out the glucose.
Cheers
Scott